金融英语词汇
知识点：《金融英语词汇》 收集：寿救悔 编辑：月季姐姐
本知识点包括：1、金融英语专业词汇 2、金融学专业，想有更好的发展，因此想补充金融相关... 3、金融学名词及其英文缩写，全写，还有公式汇总 4、关于金融类的英语单词 5、哪位高手可以提供我金融会计等方面的英文专业词汇... 。
Planning a share portfolio
Tere is no shortage of tipsters around offering"get-rich-quick'opportunities.But if you are a serious private investor,leave the Las Vegas mentality to those with money to fritter.The serious investor needs a proper'portfolio'-a well-planned selection of investments,with a definite structure and a clear aim.But exactly how does a newcomer to the stock market go about achieving that?
5 Well,if you go to five reputable stock brokers and ask them what you should do with your money,you're likely to get five different answers-even if you give all the relevant infoumation about your age,family,finances and what you want from your investments.Moral?There is no one "right‘way to structure a portfolio.However,thereare undoubtedly some wrong ways,and you can be sure that none of our five advisers would have suggested sinking all(or perhaps any)of your money into Periwigs*.
10 so what should you do?We'll assume that you have sorted out the basics-like mortgages,pensions,insurance and access to sufficient cash reserves.You should then establish your own individual aims.These are partly a matter of personal circumstances,partly a matter of psychology.
For instance,if you are older you have less time to recover from any major losses,and you may well wish to boost your pension income.So preserving your capital and generating extra income are your main 15priorities.In this ease,you'd probably construct a portfolio with some shares (but not high risk ones),along with gilts,cash deposits,and perhaps convertibles or the income shares of split capital investment trusts.
If you are younger,and in a solid financial position,you may decide to take an a ggressive approach-but only if you're blessed with a sanguine disposition and won't suffer sleepless nights over share prices.If you recognize yourself in this description,you might include a couple ofheady growth stocks in your 20 portfolio,alongside your more pedestrian investments.Once you have decided on your investment aims,you can'then decide where to put your money.The golden rule here is spread your risk-if you put all of *‘Periwigs’is the mame of a fictitious company.
The property securitization takes the lead in on century 70's by US to promote, passes through the half century development, the property securitization in the developed country already suitable popul...
Financial Management
Management of funds is a critical aspect of financial management.Management of funds act as the foremost concern whether it is in a business undertaking or in an educational institution.Financial management,which is simply meant dealing with management of money matters.
Meaning of Financial Management
By Financial Management we mean efficient use of economic resources namely capital funds.Financial management is concerned with the managerial decisions that result in the acquisition and financing of short term and long term credits for the firm.Here it deals with the situations that require selection of specific assets,or a combination of assets and the selection of specific problem of size and growth of an enterprise.Herein the analysis deals with the expected inflows and outflows of funds and their effect on managerial objectives.In short,Financial Management deals with Procurement of funds and their effective utilization in the business.
So the analysis simply states two main aspects of financial management like procurement of funds and an effective use of funds to achieve business objectives.
Procurement of funds:
As funds can be procured from multiple sources so procurement of funds is considered an important problem of business concerns.Funds obtained from different sources have different characteristics in terms of potential risk,cost and control.
Funds issued by the issue of equity shares are the best from risk point of view for the company as there is no question of repayment of equity capital except when the company is liquidated.
From the cost point of view equity capital is the most expensive source of funds as dividend expectations of shareholders are normally higher than that of prevailing interest rates.
Financial management constitutes risk,cost and control.The cost of funds should be at minimum for a proper balancing of risk and control.
In the globalised competitive scenario,mobilization of funds plays a very significant role.Funds can be raised either through the domestic market or from abroad.Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) as well as Foreign Institutional Investors(FII) are two major sources of raising funds.The mechanism of procurement of funds has to be modified in the light of requirements of foreign investors.
Utilization of Funds:
Effective utilization of funds as an important aspect of financial management avoids the situations where funds are either kept idle or proper uses are not being made.Funds procured involve a certain cost and risk.If the funds are not used properly then running business will be too difficult.In case of dividend decisions we also consider this.So it is crucial to employ the funds properly and profitably.
Scope of Financial Management
Sound financial management is essential in all types of organizations whether it be profit or non-profit.Financial management is essential in a planned Economy as well as in a capitalist set-up as it involves efficient use of the resources.
From time to time it is observed that many firms have been liquidated not because their technology was obsolete or because their products were not in demand or their labour was not skilled and motivated,but that there was a mismanagement of financial affairs.Even in a boom period,when a company make high profits there is also a fear of liquidation because of bad financial management.
Financial management optimizes the output from the given input of funds.In a country like India where resources are scarce and the demand for funds are many,the need of proper financial management is required.In case of newly started companies with a high growth rate it is more important to have sound financial management since finance alone guarantees their survival.
Financial management is very important in case of non-profit organizations,which do not pay adequate attentions to financial management.
How ever a sound system of financial management has to be cultivated among bureaucrats,administrators,engineers,educationalists and public at a large.
Objectives of Financial Management
Efficient Financial management requires the existence of some objectives,which are as follows
1) Profit Maximization:
The objective of financial management is the same as the objective of a company which is to earn profit.But profit maximization alone cannot be the sole objective of a company.It is a limited objective.If profits are given undue importance then problems may arise as discussed below.
The term profit is vague and it involves much more contradictions.
Profit maximization must be attempted with a realization of risks involved.A positive relationship exists between risk and profits.So both risk and profit objectives should be balanced.
Profit Maximization fails to take into account the time pattern of returns.
Profit maximization does not take into account the social considerations.
2) Wealth Maximization:
It is commonly understood that the objective of a firm is to maximize value and wealth.
The value of a firm is represented by the market price of the company's stock.The market price of a firm's stock represents the assesment of all market participants as to what the value of the particular firm is.It takes in to account present and prospective future earnings per share,the timing and risk of these earning,the dividend policy of the firm and many other factors that bear upon the market price of the stock.Market price acts as the performance index or report card of the firm's progress and potential.
Prices in the share markets are affected by many factors like general economic outlook,outlook of the particular company,technical factors and even mass psychology.Normally this value is a function of two factors:
The anticipated rate of earnings per share of the company
The capitalization rate.
The likely rate of earnings per shares depend upon the assessment of how profitable a company may be in the future.
The capitalization rate reflects the liking of the investors for the company.
Methods of Financial Management:
In the field of financing there are multiple methods to procure funds.Funds may be obtained from long term sources as well as from short term sources.Long term funds may be procured by owners that are shareholders,lenders by issuing debentures,from financial institutions,banks and the general public at large.Short term funds may be availed from commercial banks,public deposits,etc.Financial leverage or trading on equity is an important method by which a finance manager may increase the return to common shareholders.
At the time of evaluating capital expenditure projects methods like average rate of return,pay back,internal rate of returns,net present value and profitability index are used.A firm can increase its profitability without adversely affecting its liquidity by an efficient utilization of the current resources at the disposal of the firm.A firm can increase its profitability without negatively affecting its liquidity by efficient management of working capital.
Similarly,for the evaluation of a firm's performance there are different methods.Ratio analysis is a common technique to evaluate different aspects of a firm.An investor takes in to account various ratios to know whether investment in a particular company will be profitable or not.These ratios enable him to judge the profitability,solvency,liquidity and growth aspect of the firm.
提示：资产证券化的基本原理是所谓的瀑布（waterfall）原理，即按照不同优先顺序，把回收的贷款本息还给不同等级证券的持有人。其实没有什么大不了的，就是金融资金的走向像瀑布一样，所以叫瀑布原理。
提示：CFA里的偏门词汇确实很多，那是因为它牵涉到欧美的证券法规，被欧美的法律用语带的太偏了，你要考cfa那没办法只能尽早开背，要是不打算考的话完全不需要为它感到压力——反正那里海量的生词在国内的应用环境里是无论如何也用不上的。个人建议，西...
提示：常见金融词汇汇集 big macs,big/large-cap stock,mega-issue 大盘股 offering,list 上市 bourse 证交所 corporate champion 龙头企业 Shanghai Exchange 上海证交所 pension fund 养老基金 mutual fund 共同基金 hedge mutual fund 对冲式共同基...
提示："credit crunch" 指当前由美国引起的金融危机 financial crisis 金融危机 a hedge against inflation 防止通货膨胀的措施 a pruent monetary 稳健的货币政策 accounting scandal 财务丑闻 active balance 顺差 passive balance 逆差 allocation ...
提示：A (1)ABC 作业基础成本计算 A (2)absorbed overhead 已吸收制造费用 A (3)absorption costing 吸收成本计算 A (4)account 账户,报表 A (5)accounting postulate 会计假设 A (6)accounting series release 会计公告文件 A (7)accounting valuatio...